# PACT OS - Architecture Guide This document provides a comprehensive overview of the PACT OS architecture, explaining its design principles, component interactions, and implementation details for the meta-agent orchestration system. ## Table of Contents - [Overview](#overview) - [System Architecture](#system-architecture) - [Core Components](#core-components) - [Tool Integration Layer](#tool-integration-layer) - [AI Orchestration Engine](#ai-orchestration-engine) - [Workflow System](#workflow-system) - [Command Processing Pipeline](#command-processing-pipeline) - [Data Flow](#data-flow) - [Security Architecture](#security-architecture) - [Performance Optimization](#performance-optimization) - [Extension Points](#extension-points) ## Overview PACT OS serves as the central nervous system of the PACT Protocol ecosystem, providing intelligent orchestration and coordination of all compliance tools. The architecture follows a modular, event-driven design that enables seamless tool integration, workflow automation, and AI-powered decision making. ### Design Principles 1. **Modularity**: Each component is self-contained and replaceable 2. **Extensibility**: Easy integration of new tools and workflows 3. **Scalability**: Parallel execution and efficient resource management 4. **Transparency**: Clear audit trails and cryptographic verification 5. **Intelligence**: AI-driven decision making and natural language processing ## System Architecture ``` ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ PACT OS CLI │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Presentation Layer │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ Banner │ │ CLI │ │ Logger │ │ Output │ │ │ │ Display │ │ Parser │ │ System │ │ Formatter │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Command Processing │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ Command │ │ Route │ │ Validation │ │ Proof │ │ │ │ Registry │ │ Resolver │ │ Engine │ │ Generator │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Orchestration Engine │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ AI │ │ Workflow │ │ Sequence │ │ Parallel │ │ │ │Orchestrator│ │ Executor │ │ Processor │ │ Executor │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Tool Integration Layer │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ Tool │ │ Subprocess │ │ Health │ │ Result │ │ │ │ Registry │ │ Manager │ │ Checker │ │ Aggregator │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Service Layer │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │Compliance │ │ AI │ │ Config │ │ Database │ │ │ │ Monitor │ │ Service │ │ Manager │ │ Service │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ Storage Layer │ │ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ Logs │ │ Proofs │ │Conversation│ │ Results │ │ │ │ Storage │ │ Storage │ │ Storage │ │ Storage │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └─────────────┘ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ ``` ## Core Components ### Command Registry The Command Registry manages all available commands and their configurations: ```typescript interface Command { name: string; description: string; action: (args: any) => Promise; options: CommandOption[]; middleware?: Middleware[]; } class CommandRegistry { private commands: Map; register(command: Command): void { this.validateCommand(command); this.commands.set(command.name, command); } execute(name: string, args: any): Promise { const command = this.commands.get(name); if (!command) throw new CommandNotFoundError(name); return this.runMiddleware(command, args); } } ``` ### Route Resolver Determines whether a command should be handled internally or forwarded to a tool: ```typescript class RouteResolver { resolve(args: string[]): Route { const [primary, secondary] = args; // Check if it's a meta command if (this.isMetaCommand(primary)) { return { type: 'internal', command: primary }; } // Check if it's a tool command if (this.isRegisteredTool(primary)) { return { type: 'forward', tool: primary, args: args.slice(1) }; } throw new UnknownCommandError(primary); } } ``` ### Proof Generator Generates cryptographic proofs for all operations: ```typescript class ProofGenerator { async generate(operation: string, data: any): Promise { const timestamp = new Date().toISOString(); const nonce = crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex'); const payload = { operation, data, timestamp, nonce, version: '1.0.0' }; const hash = crypto .createHash('sha256') .update(JSON.stringify(payload)) .digest('hex'); return `pact-proof-${hash.substring(0, 16)}`; } async verify(proof: string, data: any): Promise { // Proof verification logic return true; } } ``` ## Tool Integration Layer ### Tool Registry Manages registration and discovery of integrated tools: ```typescript interface Tool { name: string; command: string; description: string; healthCheck?: () => Promise; } class ToolRegistry { private tools: Map = new Map(); constructor() { this.registerDefaultTools(); } private registerDefaultTools() { const defaultTools = [ { name: 'ppre', command: 'ppre', description: 'Predictive Risk Engine' }, { name: 'audit', command: 'pact-audit', description: 'Smart contract auditing' }, { name: 'monitor', command: 'pact-monitor', description: 'Real-time monitoring' }, // ... other tools ]; defaultTools.forEach(tool => this.register(tool)); } async checkHealth(): Promise { const results = await Promise.all( Array.from(this.tools.values()).map(async tool => ({ tool: tool.name, healthy: await this.checkToolHealth(tool) })) ); return results; } } ``` ### Subprocess Manager Handles execution of external tool commands: ```typescript class SubprocessManager { async execute( command: string, args: string[], options?: ExecutionOptions ): Promise { const startTime = Date.now(); try { const { stdout, stderr } = await execa(command, args, { timeout: options?.timeout || 60000, env: this.buildEnvironment(options) }); return { success: true, output: stdout, error: stderr, duration: Date.now() - startTime, command: `${command} ${args.join(' ')}` }; } catch (error) { return { success: false, output: '', error: error.message, duration: Date.now() - startTime, command: `${command} ${args.join(' ')}` }; } } private buildEnvironment(options?: ExecutionOptions): NodeJS.ProcessEnv { return { ...process.env, PACT_OS_VERSION: '1.0.0', PACT_EXECUTION_ID: crypto.randomUUID(), ...options?.env }; } } ``` ## AI Orchestration Engine ### AI Orchestrator Interprets natural language and orchestrates tool execution: ```typescript class AIOrchestrator { private openai: OpenAI; private toolRegistry: ToolRegistry; async interpret(prompt: string): Promise { const systemPrompt = this.buildSystemPrompt(); const response = await this.openai.chat.completions.create({ model: 'gpt-4', messages: [ { role: 'system', content: systemPrompt }, { role: 'user', content: prompt } ], functions: this.getToolFunctions(), function_call: 'auto' }); return this.parseResponse(response); } private buildSystemPrompt(): string { return `You are PACT OS AI Assistant, an intelligent orchestrator for compliance tools. Available tools: ${this.toolRegistry.listTools().map(t => `- ${t.name}: ${t.description}`).join('\n')} Analyze user requests and determine: 1. Which tools to use 2. In what order 3. With what parameters 4. Expected outcomes`; } async execute(interpretation: Interpretation): Promise { const results = []; for (const action of interpretation.actions) { const result = await this.executeAction(action); results.push(result); if (!result.success && action.critical) { break; // Stop on critical failure } } return results; } } ``` ### Intent Recognition Maps natural language to specific tool actions: ```typescript interface IntentMapping { patterns: RegExp[]; intent: string; tools: string[]; parameters: (match: RegExpMatchArray) => any; } const intentMappings: IntentMapping[] = [ { patterns: [/check.*compliance.*(\w+)/i, /verify.*wallet.*(\w+)/i], intent: 'compliance-check', tools: ['ppre', 'entity', 'defi'], parameters: (match) => ({ entity: match[1] }) }, { patterns: [/issue.*license.*to\s+(\w+)/i], intent: 'license-issuance', tools: ['nft-issuer'], parameters: (match) => ({ recipient: match[1] }) } ]; ``` ## Workflow System ### Workflow Definition Workflows are defined as declarative JSON or TypeScript: ```typescript interface Workflow { name: string; description: string; version: string; triggers?: WorkflowTrigger[]; steps: WorkflowStep[]; rollback?: RollbackStrategy; } interface WorkflowStep { id: string; tool: string; command: string; args?: any[]; condition?: StepCondition; onSuccess?: string; // next step ID onFailure?: string; // error handler ID parallel?: boolean; } // Example workflow const entityOnboardingWorkflow: Workflow = { name: 'entity-onboarding', description: 'Complete entity onboarding with KYC/AML', version: '1.0.0', steps: [ { id: 'create-profile', tool: 'entity', command: 'create', args: ['--name', '${params.name}', '--wallet', '${params.wallet}'] }, { id: 'risk-assessment', tool: 'ppre', command: 'predict', args: ['--entity', '${results.create-profile.entityId}'] }, { id: 'kyc-verification', tool: 'qr-verify', command: 'generate', args: ['--entity', '${results.create-profile.entityId}'], condition: { expression: '${results.risk-assessment.score} < 0.7' } }, { id: 'issue-license', tool: 'nft-issuer', command: 'issue', args: ['--to', '${params.wallet}', '--type', 'kyc-verified'], condition: { expression: '${results.kyc-verification.verified} === true' } } ] }; ``` ### Workflow Executor Executes workflows with state management: ```typescript class WorkflowExecutor { private state: WorkflowState; async execute( workflow: Workflow, params: any, options?: WorkflowOptions ): Promise { this.state = new WorkflowState(workflow, params); try { for (const step of workflow.steps) { if (await this.shouldExecuteStep(step)) { await this.executeStep(step); } } return this.state.getResult(); } catch (error) { if (workflow.rollback) { await this.rollback(workflow.rollback); } throw error; } } private async executeStep(step: WorkflowStep): Promise { const args = this.resolveArguments(step.args); const result = await this.subprocess.execute(step.tool, [step.command, ...args]); this.state.setStepResult(step.id, result); if (!result.success && !step.onFailure) { throw new WorkflowStepError(step.id, result.error); } } private resolveArguments(args?: any[]): string[] { if (!args) return []; return args.map(arg => { if (typeof arg === 'string' && arg.startsWith('${')) { return this.state.resolveVariable(arg); } return String(arg); }); } } ``` ## Command Processing Pipeline ### Pipeline Stages 1. **Input Parsing**: Parse command-line arguments 2. **Route Resolution**: Determine internal vs. tool command 3. **Validation**: Validate command syntax and parameters 4. **Pre-processing**: Apply middleware and transformations 5. **Execution**: Execute command or forward to tool 6. **Post-processing**: Format output and generate proofs 7. **Output**: Display results or return JSON ```typescript class CommandPipeline { private stages: PipelineStage[] = [ new ParseStage(), new RouteStage(), new ValidationStage(), new PreProcessStage(), new ExecutionStage(), new PostProcessStage(), new OutputStage() ]; async process(input: string[]): Promise { let context: PipelineContext = { input, timestamp: new Date(), metadata: {} }; for (const stage of this.stages) { context = await stage.process(context); if (context.halt) { break; } } return context.result; } } ``` ### Middleware System Extensible middleware for cross-cutting concerns: ```typescript interface Middleware { name: string; pre?: (context: CommandContext) => Promise; post?: (context: CommandContext, result: any) => Promise; } const loggingMiddleware: Middleware = { name: 'logging', pre: async (context) => { logger.info(`Executing command: ${context.command}`, { args: context.args, user: context.user }); }, post: async (context, result) => { logger.info(`Command completed: ${context.command}`, { success: result.success, duration: result.duration }); } }; const authMiddleware: Middleware = { name: 'auth', pre: async (context) => { if (context.command.requiresAuth) { const token = await getAuthToken(); if (!token) throw new AuthenticationError(); context.metadata.authToken = token; } } }; ``` ## Data Flow ### Request Flow ``` User Input → CLI Parser → Route Resolver → Command Handler ↓ Tool Executor ↓ Result Aggregator ↓ Output Formatter → User Output ``` ### State Management ```typescript class StateManager { private state: Map = new Map(); private history: StateChange[] = []; set(key: string, value: any): void { const previous = this.state.get(key); this.state.set(key, value); this.history.push({ timestamp: new Date(), key, previous, current: value, operation: 'set' }); } get(key: string): any { return this.state.get(key); } snapshot(): StateSnapshot { return { timestamp: new Date(), state: new Map(this.state), historyLength: this.history.length }; } restore(snapshot: StateSnapshot): void { this.state = new Map(snapshot.state); this.history.push({ timestamp: new Date(), operation: 'restore', snapshot: snapshot.timestamp }); } } ``` ## Security Architecture ### Authentication & Authorization ```typescript class SecurityManager { async authenticate(credentials?: Credentials): Promise { // Multi-factor authentication const factors = await this.collectAuthFactors(credentials); // Verify each factor for (const factor of factors) { if (!await this.verifyFactor(factor)) { throw new AuthenticationError(`Failed to verify ${factor.type}`); } } return this.createAuthContext(factors); } authorize(context: AuthContext, resource: string, action: string): boolean { const permissions = this.getPermissions(context); return permissions.can(action, resource); } } ``` ### Cryptographic Operations ```typescript class CryptoService { private algorithm = 'aes-256-gcm'; async encrypt(data: any, key: Buffer): Promise { const iv = crypto.randomBytes(16); const cipher = crypto.createCipheriv(this.algorithm, key, iv); const encrypted = Buffer.concat([ cipher.update(JSON.stringify(data), 'utf8'), cipher.final() ]); return { encrypted: encrypted.toString('base64'), iv: iv.toString('base64'), tag: cipher.getAuthTag().toString('base64') }; } async sign(data: any, privateKey: string): Promise { const sign = crypto.createSign('SHA256'); sign.update(JSON.stringify(data)); return sign.sign(privateKey, 'base64'); } } ``` ## Performance Optimization ### Parallel Execution ```typescript class ParallelExecutor { private concurrencyLimit: number = 5; async execute(tasks: Task[]): Promise { const queue = [...tasks]; const executing: Promise[] = []; const results: TaskResult[] = []; while (queue.length > 0 || executing.length > 0) { // Start new tasks up to concurrency limit while (executing.length < this.concurrencyLimit && queue.length > 0) { const task = queue.shift()!; const promise = this.executeTask(task) .then(result => { results.push(result); return result; }); executing.push(promise); } // Wait for at least one task to complete if (executing.length > 0) { await Promise.race(executing); executing.splice( executing.findIndex(p => results.some(r => r.taskId === p.taskId) ), 1 ); } } return results; } } ``` ### Caching Strategy ```typescript class CacheManager { private cache: LRUCache; constructor(options: CacheOptions) { this.cache = new LRUCache({ max: options.maxSize || 1000, ttl: options.ttl || 3600000, // 1 hour updateAgeOnGet: true }); } async get(key: string, factory: () => Promise): Promise { const cached = this.cache.get(key); if (cached && !this.isStale(cached)) { return cached.value as T; } const value = await factory(); this.cache.set(key, { value, timestamp: Date.now(), hits: 0 }); return value; } } ``` ## Extension Points ### Plugin System ```typescript interface Plugin { name: string; version: string; init(context: PluginContext): Promise; commands?: Command[]; middleware?: Middleware[]; tools?: Tool[]; } class PluginManager { private plugins: Map = new Map(); async load(pluginPath: string): Promise { const plugin = await import(pluginPath); if (!this.isValidPlugin(plugin)) { throw new InvalidPluginError(pluginPath); } await plugin.init(this.createContext()); this.plugins.set(plugin.name, plugin); // Register plugin components plugin.commands?.forEach(cmd => this.commandRegistry.register(cmd)); plugin.middleware?.forEach(mw => this.middlewareStack.use(mw)); plugin.tools?.forEach(tool => this.toolRegistry.register(tool)); } } ``` ### Custom Workflows ```typescript class WorkflowBuilder { private workflow: Partial = {}; name(name: string): this { this.workflow.name = name; return this; } step(step: WorkflowStep): this { if (!this.workflow.steps) { this.workflow.steps = []; } this.workflow.steps.push(step); return this; } parallel(...steps: WorkflowStep[]): this { const parallelGroup = { id: `parallel-${Date.now()}`, parallel: true, steps }; return this.step(parallelGroup); } condition(condition: StepCondition): this { const lastStep = this.workflow.steps?.[this.workflow.steps.length - 1]; if (lastStep) { lastStep.condition = condition; } return this; } build(): Workflow { if (!this.workflow.name || !this.workflow.steps) { throw new Error('Workflow must have name and steps'); } return this.workflow as Workflow; } } // Usage const customWorkflow = new WorkflowBuilder() .name('custom-compliance-check') .step({ id: 'risk-check', tool: 'ppre', command: 'predict' }) .parallel( { id: 'kyc', tool: 'entity', command: 'verify-kyc' }, { id: 'aml', tool: 'entity', command: 'verify-aml' } ) .condition({ expression: '${results.risk-check.score} < 0.5' }) .build(); ``` --- This architecture enables PACT OS to serve as a powerful, extensible orchestration platform for the entire PACT Protocol ecosystem, providing intelligent automation, seamless tool integration, and comprehensive compliance management capabilities.